Secured Online Learning in COVID-19 Pandemic using Deep Learning Methods

With the outbreak of the global pandemic covid-19, most educational institutions across India have moved towards the usage of online teaching platforms Viz., Google Meet, Zoom, Webex, and Microsoft teams to process learning continuity. In research and development, it is observed that meager importance is given to address the issues of securing e-learning systems. Securing an e-learning system is a unique challenge faced in India as many systems are accessed and managed through the internet by numerous users distributed over diverse networks. Moreover, the online teaching platforms are open, distributed, and interactive;hence, it becomes challenging to ensure that every user has access to the correct information. Building trust will leverage the usage of online teaching systems in terms of security, usability, and protection of personal information. The key focus of this paper is to analyze the existing online and remote learning tools and identify the level of cyberattacks. This article also explores recent progress in novel ICT engineering paradigms in cyber assurance and protection. The paper proposes a cyber security framework using cutting-edge technologies like AI and Deep Learning to fight against cyber-attacks.

Marketing skills and sanitary status of retail meat shops in relation to butchers' educational background in Maharashtra

In India meat production is an unorganized business, although, ideally the butchers should possess basic education along sound understanding of sanitary practices and have standard infrastructure promoting meat business. A study was carried out in year 2021 to study the impact of butchers' education on marketing skills and sanitary status of retail meat shops. The data was collected on 118 butchers' shop through interview method. The study revealed that 42.37 per cent of the respondents had completed their secondary education with average age between 25-35 years. The study showed that 67.80 percent respondents running butchery as family business without undergoing any professional training. Butcher shops (42.37%) sales both chicken and mutton of which 68.64 and 80.51 per cent shops had registration with FSSAI and local body, respectively. COVID-19 has not affected meat business as compare to various religious festivals. Respondents (65.25%) believed that online marketing by corporate companies may not affect local meat business. Majority of butchers (85.59%) were unaware about modern slaughtering equipments. Considering the findings, a comprehensive skill development programme may be initiated on hygienic meat.

Impact of first wave of Covid 19 on Indian Economy

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented shock to the Indian economy. COVID-19 has been projected as worse than the Great Depression of 1930. The magnitude of the economic impact will depend upon the duration and severity of the health crisis, the duration of the lockdown and the manner in which the situation unfolds once the lockdown is lifted. Indian economy, however, has a slightly different story to tell at this hour of crisis. The silver lining for the Indian economy comes from a steep fall in the crude oil prices from around $70 per barrel to a record 18 years low of $22 per barrel. This windfall gain can, to some extent, offset the direct losses due to COVID-19. At the same time, dreams like a $5 trillion economy no longer look even a remote possibility. This article takes stock of the likely impact of COVID-19 on the Indian economy in the short term and the long term. A decision-tree approach has been adopted for doing the projections. © 2022, International Journal of Special Education. All rights reserved.

Case series of subacute thyroiditis presenting as a late complication of covid-19

Corona virus is known to affect various endocrine glands in the body, causing manifestations such as diabetes, pituitary dysfunction and sick euthyroid syndrome. We report a case series of 5 patients, who presented with post COVID-19 Subacute thyroiditis at our center. We included 5 patients who presented to Deshmukh Clinic and Research Centre, Pune, India, between January 2021 to June 2021. All these subjects were males with average age of 38.6 years (32 to 53 years) and presented with neck pain (5/5), low grade fever (4/5) of an average duration of 4 weeks. Goiter was present in 2/5. Diabetes and hypertension were present in 1/5. Thyroid tenderness was present in all, even in absence of goiter. Fatigue and weakness were present in 4/5 and 2 of them had weight loss of 8 kg and 15 kg, respectively. One patient had heat intolerance. All had history of COVID -19 prior to the above symptoms and had raised S. T3 and S. T4 with low S.TSH (average :0.029 mIU/ml), raised ESR (average:26.4mm/hour) and CRP (average: 49.8 mg/lit). None of them had TPO positivity. Average duration between detection of COVID-19 infection and presentation with above symptoms was 12.8 weeks. COVID -19 was mild in one case (required home-care), and moderate (hospitalized without oxygen or ventilatory support) in remaining 4/5. All patients responded well to oral prednisolone and thyrotoxicosis management. Average duration of prednisolone therapy was 2 months and average dose of prednisolone required was 6.8 mg per day. All recovered to euthyroid state with normalization of ESR and CRP in 2 months time without any long term thyroid sequelae. Atypical thyroiditis has been reported during COVID-19 infection by Muller et al, however, our patients presented with subacute thyroiditis nearly 12 weeks after COVID-19 which is known to cause systemic immune activation and thyroid inflammation and hence, may result in thyrotoxicosis or thyroiditis. We therefore suggest that, it is imperative to monitor thyroid function in COVID-19 affected patients, especially those presenting with throat pain or unexplained fever, long after occurrence of COVID-19.

Type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 related mortality in solapur: A whole population study

Presently large-scale study concludes that there are many factors associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related in-hospital death. Patients with comorbidities may be more susceptible to the COVID- 19 complications and may show compromised immune competency. The aim of the study is to find out increased relative and absolute risks of COVID-19, associated with Diabetes Mellitus in Solapur city. Study design is Cross sectional study. Study group included all patients with COVID -19 diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Solapur. It was observed that among all diabetic patients with COVID-19 fever was the most common initial symptoms;fever (100%) followed by cough (97.16%), Breathlessness (89.05%), dyspnea (9.81%),muscular soreness (6.22%) and chest distress(7.92%). In Diabetic with COVID-19, age distribution of the patients was in between 55-80 years, in non-diabetic COVID patients age group ranges 0-76 years and mortality rate observed in age group with 54-80 years. The present data showed higher mortality rate in patients of Diabetes Mellitus with COVID-19. Further it was observed that the mortality rate was higher in male (11.77 %) as compare to female (10.07 %.). Our study concludes that COVID-19 patients with Diabetes Mellitus are more prone for morbidity as compared with non-diabetic COVID patients. Diabetes Mellitus in COVID- 19 patients increases the susceptibility of complications with concomitant decrease immune system. The total number of COVID- 19 death recorded in Solapur included majority of the patients with Diabetes Mellitus as one of the responsible factor in worsening of the disease.

An interpretable mortality prediction model for COVID-19 patients in Solapur-Maharashtra

The aim of the study is to find out the causes of mortality in COVID-19 patients of Solapur, to compare the mortality rate of Solapur with patients all over India and the factors affecting the increase mortality rate. Study group included patients with COVID-19 deaths in Solapur, death of COVID-19 with complications like Myocardial infarction, Hypertension, coronary artery disease, Diabetes Mellitus & Asthma. The morbidity rate was highest in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (53 %) and hypertension (36%). The morbidity rate in COVID-19 was also significant in patients with cardiovascular (5.8%), Asthma (1.4%) and cerebrovascular disease. The patients with renal and other complications were also affected and the mortality rate was (1.8 %) in these patients. Our findings showed that most of the patients who died with COVID-19 were having many other complications. Diabetes mellitus itself contributed fifty three percent, whereas hypertensive patients thirty three percent. Apart from this there were patients with other complications also. This shows that the mortality rate in Solapur was high because of old age and comorbid patients.

COVID-19: a conundrum to decipher.

OBJECTIVE: Recent worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a current, ongoing life-threatening crisis, and international public health emergency. The early diagnosis and management of the disease remains a major challenge. In this review, we aim to summarize the updated epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A broad search of the literature was performed in "PubMed" "Medline" "Web of Science", "Google Scholar" and "World Health Organization-WHO" using the keywords "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus", "2019-nCoV", "COVID-19, "SARS", "SARS-CoV-2" "Epidemiology" "Transmission" "Pathogenesis" "Clinical Characteristics". We reviewed and documented the information obtained from literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical appearances of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: The global cases of COVID-19 as of April 2, 2020, have risen to more than 900,000 and morbidity has reached more than 47,000. The incidence rate for COVID-19 has been predicted to be higher than the previous outbreaks of other coronavirus family members, including those of SARS-CoV and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The main clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic stages to severe lower respiratory infection in the form of pneumonia. Most of the patients also presented with fever, cough, sore throat, headache, fatigue, myalgia and breathlessness. Individuals at higher risk for severe illness include elderly people and patients with a weakened immune system or that are suffering from an underlying chronic medical condition like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cancer, respiratory illness or cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-Cov-2 has emerged as a worldwide threat, currently affecting 170 countries and territories across the globe. There is still much to be understood regarding SARS-CoV-2 about its virology, epidemiology and clinical management strategies; this knowledge will be essential to both manage the current pandemic and to conceive comprehensive measures to prevent such outbreaks in the future.